Government Control Of 1984 And Brave New World - 1653 Words

Government Control in 1984 and Brave New World In light of current events, society is more concerned than ever about just how much power the government has over people. Individuals are concerned that those in charge might implement policies that could deteriorate certain groups’ quality of living. To some, this may be foolish, but as is shown in some novels, this could happen, and when it does, it is hard to combat. In both George Orwell’s 1984 and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World authors depict societies under strict government control. These instances display to readers the issues that arise when governments lead through excessive limitation and by demanding conformity. To start, both novels demonstrate strong governments going to†¦show more content†¦Similarly, Huxley’s Brave New World depicts a government in total control doing all that it can to keep power over the people. From childhood, citizens in this society are conditioned to be perfect tools of the government. On page 22 of Brave New World, the Controller explains how babies are conditioned to hate and fear books and flowers, so as to destroy curiousity and promote work (Huxley 22). If people are formed in such a way where work and lesiure is all they know and love, deviance cannot occur. Also, ever before birth, citizens are forced into predetermined castes through chemical alterations. Early on in the novel, Henery tells Lenina, â€Å"And if you were an Epsilon, your conditioning would have made you no less thankful that you weren’t a Beta or an Alpha† (Huxley 74). Regardless of their caste, members of this world are okay with their situation because they are taught to love their position, no matter how degrading it can be. Much like The Party, Brave New World’s government takes special care to remove those who defy set rules and expectations. When explaining the islands to Hemholtz, the Controller says they are for â€Å"All of the people who, for one reason or another, have got too self-consciously individual to fit into community life† (Huxley 227). In order to preserve perfect obedient, society, the government eliminates the deviant by shipping them far away. TheShow MoreRelatedMemories of Life Before Government Control: Orwells 1984, Atwoods The Handmaids Tale, and Huxleys Brave New World1107 Words   |  5 PagesOverbearing governments can change every aspect of society but people’s memories and their stories of the past cannot be completely altered to forget what life was like. Society uses these memoires to compare it to the new way of ruling which sometimes is less favorable to the individual. Governments try to change people’s opinions of reality which proves to be impossible. Within the novels, 1984 by George Orwell, The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood and Brave New World by Aldous Huxley the GovernmentsRead MoreSummary Of George Orwell s Brave New World 1537 Words   |  7 Page sRachel Malloy 28 November 2014 APE 3 Complete Government Exploitation of Love The novels, 1984 by George Orwell and Brave New World by Aldous Huxley both showcases how the futuristic totalitarian governments take complete control of their societies. In 1984, the government does it by putting fear of Big Brother and the party into the people. Whereas in Brave New World, they control them by having people take soma, a drug which does not allow people to feel emotions or really anything. The viewsRead MoreEssay Compare and Contrast Themes of Brave New World and 19841174 Words   |  5 Pagesclassic novels, 1984 written by George Orwell and Brave New World penned by Aldous Huxley both possess similar topics and themes. In both novels societies are striving for a utopia, or a perfect society. These novels also take place in societies with versions of totalitarian governments, which is a government that rules by coercion. Not only are the topics similar, but in both novels a rebellious character is the protagonist; Winston Smith from 1984 and John the Savage in B rave New World. Another parallelRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Brave New World938 Words   |  4 PagesComparison of Two Governments What are the main differences and similarities in how the government in the novel 1984 and the government in the novel Brave New World control the citizens of their society? Both government are tyrannical types of governments with total control over their people. The two novels have many differences and similarities in the methods the government uses to control the people, they use methods such as psychological manipulation, torture, emotional oppression, and t. TheRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Brave New World And 19841400 Words   |  6 PagesB.N.W. v.s. 1984 Synthesis Essay Hypothesis become theories and theories become laws. Brave New World and 1984 were both predictions made in the 1900s about what the future of the world would be like. Both of these books were written during the time when communism rose, and they show a world where it would have been like if communism was never struck down. Certainly, one novel makes a better prediction of the future than the other, and this case it will be 1984. 1984 is a better prediction becauseRead MoreThe Brave New World, By Aldous Huxley And 1984 By George Orwell1680 Words   |  7 Pagessocieties of Brave New World by Aldous Huxley and 1984 by George Orwell. He suggests that â€Å"Orwell feared that what we hate will ruin us. Huxley feared that what we love will ruin us† (Postman). The Party of 1984 maintained control of the people by keeping them under constant surveillance, whereas the government of Brave New World kept the citizens so happy, they never felt threatened enough to put up a fight. Both Brave New World and 1984 multiple methods of fear manipulation to control and restrictRead MoreHuxley V. Orwell1015 Words   |  5 PagesBrave New World v. 1984 June 8, 2011 It is no question that both Huxley and Orwell were displeased with our societal norms by their predictions in Brave New World and 1984. However, the two famous novels could not have differed more in their visions of tomorrow. Huxley portrays a nation of pleasure addicted, mindless beings merely existing. Orwell illustrated such a strict regime that the pursuit of knowledge would be banned and our voices would be silenced. Imagine living in a world withoutRead MoreEssay about 1984 and Brave New World1304 Words   |  6 Pages1984 and Brave New World Undoubtedly, the thought of living in, or forming a utopian society has flashed through nearly every person’s mind. A few people have even tried to make this ideal dream society a reality. Unfortunately, within the pursuit of these societies the leaders become corrupt and begin to become paranoid with the fear of rebellion. Hundreds of people were murdered during the reigns of Adolph Hitler and Joseph Stalin in what they considered measures to maintain peace and stabilityRead MoreComparison Essay Between 1984 and Bnw1285 Words   |  6 Pagescan actually be seen as utopias if one has been conditioned to believe it is, as seen in Aldous Huxleys Brave New World. However, if conditioning fails, or, is not exercised, even utopias can very easily become dystopias, such as in George Orwells 1984. Therefore, what one views as a dystopia, another could easily see as a utopia, and vice versa. Huxleys Brave New World and Orwells 1984 are in many ways, very similar. Both novels incorporate class of people who only exist on the outside edgeRead MoreBrave New World vs 1984757 Words   |  4 PagesAldous Huxley s Brave New World is more relevant today than George Orwell s 1984. Although both of the two totalitarian societies are based on plausible premises, the Utopia depicted in Brave New World still has a chance of appearing today, while the Big Brother-dominated society created by Orwell, being based to some extent on the totalitarian societies that existed at the time of the book s inception, is simply obsolete. Brave New World remains more believable in modern times because

Commercial and Corporation Law Corporations Act

Question: Discuss about theCommercial and Corporation Lawfor Corporations Act. Answer: It has been advisable to the directors that Serena being the director has breached her duty as per the duties which have been mentioned under Corporations Act as she had a personal interest an she did not worked in good faith which has been a primary duty of the director to act for the interest of the corporation which she failed to do. As in that there has been several common law and statutory duties of the director which have been mentioned under the Corporations Act 2001 but the main duty was to act with loyalty and to be fiduciary. In the case of Hospital Products Ltd v United States Surgical Corp (1984) 156 CLR 41 it has been affirmed that director has been regarded as an agent of the principal so he have been granted by common law a duty to act in best interest of the members and the corporation. Fiduciary duty of the director includes: Obligation to maintain caution; Obligation to evade conflict of concern etc whereas the lawful duty of a director includes (Legal Services Commission of South Australia, 2016): To proceed with sensible concern and carefulness (s 180); Make the ruling in good faith and for an appropriate rationale (s 181); Not to inappropriately make use of their position in order to attain an help for themselves to Cause disadvantage to the corporation (s 182); Not to abuse the data of the corporation (s 183) (Australian Institute of Company Directors, 2016); Not to irresponsibly or deliberately fraudulently misuses their position or data they gained as it would amount to criminal offence (s 184); To depend on the data or suggestion provided by others if it was made in good faith was sensible unless contrary proved (189); To be apprehended accountable for the dealings of the delegate 190 Reveal certain welfare (s191); Give other directors a standing notice about an interest (s 192) etc As per section 1317E some declarations have been made which would amount to infringement and financial penalty orders have been described under s 1317G for such violations which would be applicable on the directors. As per the business Judgment rule courts would not appraise the virtues of the trade decisions made by the directors so the director must act in the best interest of the corporation. This defense only be relevant where there was a contravention of the duty of car under s 180. And majorly defenses have been described under section 1318 of the Act which affirms the power to award relief (Australasian Legal Information Institute, 2016). Failure to comply with the obligation can have severe consequences comprising up to 5 years jail time, criminal and civil penalties of up to $200,000, disqualification from managing a corporation and may also ultimately leave a director personally liable for the corporations debts. In the case of ASIC v Rich it was affirmed that the Chairman have high standards than minimum and their duties include observing the general performance of the board, flow of economic data to board etc. And as per the matter of ASIC v Adler, where it was clearly stated that the managing director have the overall duty for the daily management of the corporations trade so serena being the chairman and the director of the corporation and Blair being the director being should have worked and acted for the benefit of the corporation. But in the current case only Blair acted in good faith and Serena did not as she had a personal interest involved which has been a business rule of section 180. In another case of Healey v ASIC the court held the director has violated s 180 of the Act as he have a duty to read and focus on the contents of the statements which they were going to be approving. So, as a consequence of breaching the duty of care the director would be liable for civil penalty provisions enforced by ASIC. Wherein the corporation can ask the court to: Disqualify an individual from administering the corporation; Pay penalty of up to $200K; Pay compensation for loss. And if the violation of common law the duty was enforced by the corporation the the corporation can ask for Compensation and damages. In Daniels v AWA Ltd it was affirmed that the auditor, AWAs executive directors were negligent. But AWAs non-executive directors were not negligent as they have different Standard of Care than the executive directors of the corporation. It has been advised to Nathaniel that the yes, the contract was properly executed as it has been clearly stated in section 127 that a corporation can execute the contract if it was witnessed by 2 directors or a director of the corporation (Australasian Legal Information Institute, 2016). References Australasian Legal Information Institute. (2016) Corporations Act2001 - SECT 1318 Power to grant relief.[Online] Commonwealth Consolidated Acts. Available from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s1318.html [Accessed on 20/10/16] Australasian Legal Information Institute. (2016) Corporations Act2001 - SECT 127 Execution of documents (including deeds) by the company itself.[Online] Commonwealth Consolidated Acts. Available from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s127.html [Accessed on 20/10/16] Australian Institute of Company Directors. (2016) What are the duties of directors?[Online] Australian Institute of Company Directors. Available from: https://www.companydirectors.com.au/membership/the-informed-director/what-are-the-general-duties-of-directors [Accessed on 20/10/16] Legal Services Commission of South Australia. (2016) General Duties of Directors - Corporations Act 2001 (Ctth).[Online] Available from: Legal Services Commission of South Australia. [Accessed on 20/10/16]

The Train from Rhodesia †Final Draft Essay Example

The Train from Rhodesia – Final Draft Paper Analyze the use of characterization in The Train from Rhodesia Poverty, prejudice, racism, and white-supremacy, are all controversial topics that Nadine Gordimer, an eminent South African writer, touches on through her writing. Being part of the anti-apartheid movement herself, her writing establishes a lot of the hardships that the native Afrikaans people underwent. The short-story, â€Å"The Train from Rhodesia†, is a perfect example of the manner in which Gordimer discusses controversial topics in her writing. Throughout the story, she elaborates on the great contrast between the white and the native Afrikaans people living in South Africa during the time of the apartheid. By reading this short-story, readers are able to gain an insight on the lives of the natives in contrast to the lives of the wealthy white South Africans. By contrasting the white, the natives, as well as the husband and wife, Gordimer communicates her intention of emphasizing the harsh realities of the natives’ lives and their roles in society through the use of the literary technique of characterization. We will write a custom essay sample on The Train from Rhodesia – Final Draft specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Train from Rhodesia – Final Draft specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Train from Rhodesia – Final Draft specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer By utilizing the characters in the story, Gordimer is able to express how powerless in society the natives are in addition to the severity of their living conditions. In the beginning of the story when â€Å"the stationmaster’s barefoot children [wander] over†(41) down to the track, they are referred to as â€Å"picannins†(41). Not only is referring to the children as picannins pejorative, but the detail included by Gordimer that they are barefoot suggests their poverty and inability to obtain the bare necessities to live sufficiently. As the paragraph progresses, Gordimer writes how the sand â€Å"close[s] over the children’s black feet softly and without imprint†(41). The choice of the diction used to illustrate the children’s feet as â€Å"black† emphasizes that Gordimer is forcefully trying to stress how dirty, thus poor, the natives really are. What Gordimer also deliberately implements is the imagery of the children leaving no im print in the sand. Suggestively, the image created represents how powerless and non-existent they are in this society as they leave without an imprint in the sand. Similarly, new characters are introduced from the train and station to signify the helplessness of the natives and show their astringent lives. Desperately trying to sell their products, â€Å"all up and down the length of the train in the dust the artists [jump about], walking bent, like performing animals†(42). To begin with, the way in which the artists have to perform like animals insinuates that the natives are in great need of money in order to survive. Again, a derogative indication is made when they are referred to as â€Å"animals† which puts stress on their position in society. Seeing as the people that they are performing to are white, they have to act as though they are cheerful although in reality they are starving and unhappy. An example of the mock happiness is represented in the phrase, â€Å"[t]he old man held it up to her smiling, not from the heart, but at the customer.†(42) The old man is just another native trying to sell his products; howeve r, he holds great pride in his work unlike the other desperate natives who hold money as their greatest concern. Thus, this sentence accentuates how hard the natives’ lives are as they have to try so hard to receive such a small amount of income. Since they do not have the means to survive in the environment they live in, they are so helpless and rely on the white people for hope of money. Moreover, many of the natives that are on the platform are young children who say â€Å"give me penny†(42) when they have nothing to sell. Their incorrect English indicates that they are not educated which is the result of their impoverishment. Also, readers feel more sympathy and truly see the privation of the locals as it has come to the point where even young children are begging for some source of money to survive in their infertile environment. Furthermore, Gordimer describes the station master’s children as â€Å"career[ing] over the sand, clutching the bread†¦through the garden in which nothing [grows]†(43). Since food is so scarce for the locals, Gordimer emphasizes the â€Å"clutching† of the bread to prove just how protective they are of the food they have. As the children cannot afford to lose the loaves of bread as they live in â€Å"the garden in which nothing [grows]†, it displays how they live in an uncultivable environment which specifies how much struggle the natives go through. Additionally, the powerlessness of the natives is further emphasized through the old man’s character. When he bargains with the lady and her husband, he refers to the husband as â€Å"baas† meaning master in the Afrikaans language. As the natives were inferior to white people during this time period, the old man calls him â€Å"baas,† indicating the praise and politeness shown to express the due respect for him. To successfully sell his products, the old man is required to belittle himself to make known that he is of a lower status. Once the train begins to leave, â€Å"the yells of the natives, running alongside, [jets] up into the air, [falling] back at different levels†(44). In this particular line, a strong image is depicted of the natives running with the train as a last hope for an exchange of their products. Gordimer purposefully portrays the image of the natives running to force the readers to understand their desperation. Realizing that he has no chance of selling his product for the price he has set, the old man succumbs and says â€Å"Here, one-and-six baas!†(44). He then proceeds to â€Å"[fling] his lion†(44) to the man in the moving train even though, initially, the lion is so precious to him. His pride in his work along with his dignity has been diminished as a result, displaying the lack of social power the locals possess. In addition, after the exchange has been made between the husband and the old man, he â€Å"[stands], breath blowing out the skin between his ribs, feet tense, balanced in the sand, smiling and shaking his head†(44). The image revealed shows how thin the old man is to the point where his ribs are protruding from his body. As readers, there is a sense of understanding of how the lives of the natives are corrupt as they are malnourished and persevering for survival. The old man smiles and shakes his head because he was able to sell his product; yet, he has not gained much to survive which reverts to the former idea that white people are more affluent compared to the inhabitants. However, despite the seriousness of his reality, the man opens his palm and appreciates the little money he receives. To conclude, the natives, including the old man, play a great role in communicating Gordimer’s intention, which is to display the true difficulties of the natives’ lives in addition to their lack of power in the apartheid society. In contrast to the natives’ poverty and suppressed position, Gordimer applies characterization through the white characters to accentuate their authority and greater wealth in society. In the story, when the old man comes to sell his products, the woman urges, â€Å"[n]o, no†(42) and leans down towards him while she commands her hand to the lion. The way she is leaning down to him and commanding her hand shows that she is asserting her power over him as she is from a higher status. Even the position of the woman being above him explicitly indicates her status which is above his. Pursuing this further, the young woman says no to the old man and explains that it is â€Å"too expensive, too much† as she â€Å"[shakes] her head and raise[s] her voice to [him]†(43). The readers know that the young woman has enough money to pay the price the old man is asking for; therefore, it shows a great contrast in her wealth and his poverty. In the same way, the manner in which she raises her voice to him affirms the authority and control that she has over the helpless old native man. Also, the young woman’s husband loudly insists, â€Å"Three-and-six?†(43) as though he is extremely shocked with the high price of the lion. Although he is capable of buying it for its original value, he knows he has a chance to reduce the price and pay for a lesser value. Blatantly, he tries to bargain with the man which again confirms the poverty and lack of power. With regard to the white people, it is apparent that they are not concerned with the wellbeing of the locals which puts emphasis on their irrefutable reality. For instance, in the story, â€Å"a girl [collects] a handful of the hard kind, that no one like[s], out of the chocolate box, and throw[s] them to the dogs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (43). Although the white girl is relatively young, she is oblivious to the fact that she is wasting precious food that the natives would greatly appreciate. Instead of giving the chocolate to the native children or to the natives in general, she throws them to the dogs. Through this excerpt, Gordimer is trying to imply that the inhabitants are treated commensurate to lower life; thus, have a low status in society. Another example is when a man passing by the train notices the â€Å"faces, behind glass, drinking beer, two by two†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (42). Whilst all the hustling, bargaining, and begging of the natives is occurring outside the train, inside the train the white people are enjoying their time by indulging in activities like drinking beer together. The contrast between the lifestyle of the white people and the lifestyle of the natives is made clearer through the actions of the white people in the train. In addition, during the train stop, â€Å"a few men who had [gotten] down to stretch their legs [spring] onto the train†¦safe from the one dusty platform†(44). This line stipulates that the stop is merely just a break for the white people to get off, â€Å"stretch their legs†, and have some fresh air. For them, the stop is not meaningful; however, the natives treasure the time they have while the train is still on the platform as it is their one and only hope to make money. Detectably, Gordimer shows the white people being uncomfortable of the natives through the image of them wanting to get off of the d usty platform to further emphasize their different statuses. Evidently, the lack of care the white people have towards the native’s stresses their nonexistent importance in society. As a final point, the difference in the value of money for the white people and the value of money for the natives are shown when the young woman’s husband â€Å"fumble[s] wildly down his pocket, [bringing] up the shilling and sixpence and [throws] them out†(44). Since the young man insouciantly holds the coins in his pocket, it indicates that the money is not extremely valuable to him which is in contrast to the old man’s view of that money. Also, the way the young man ‘throws’ the money out of the train shows how little that money is worth to him. If that money is so irrelevant to him, then it is not necessary for him to bargain for the product. This again shows the difference in position of power. The young man knows he can bargain, thus he takes advantage of his authority in order to bring down the price. Indeed, the use of characterization through the white people in the â€Å"The Train from Rhodesia† shows Gordimer’s intent, which is to stress the fortune of the white people to show the penury of the natives. Admittedly, Gordimer’s use of characterization to show the contrast between the two main characters of the story, the husband and wife, further accentuates her intention to show the devastating lives of the natives and their misfortune. Throughout the story, readers are apprised that the young woman is the more understanding character as opposed to her husband who is inconsiderate and thoughtless. Even though at first the woman refuses to buy the lion the man was selling, she did not insist or try to bargain with him. In fact, when she says â€Å"No, never mind†¦leave it†(43), she is realizing that the old man takes pride in his lion; therefore, deserves a customer who would appreciate it for its set value. She understands the importance of his dignity as she can infer that they are not wealthy. In contrast, her husband’s actions show disrespect towards the natives. After his bargain with the old man, he â€Å"[swings] in from the corridor, breathless†¦shaking his head with laughter and triumph†(45). The young husband’s breathlessness lays emphasis on his excitement for being able to get the lion for a cheaper price. His feeling of triumph for getting the lion cheaper shows how insignificant the lion is to him than the actual bargaining for it. His ignorance to the reality of the struggle the natives face every day to survive shows his insensitivity. Not only does he feel triumphant in his bargain, but he particularizes by saying, â€Å"I was arguing with him for fun, bargaining – when the train pulled out already, he came tearing after†¦One-and-six baas! So there’s your lion†(45). The fact that he argued for â€Å"fun† implies that he cannot empathize with the natives and does not realize the sadness of the reality. He thinks it is simply a form of entertainment and acts as though he wants his wife’s approval and felicitation; however, he cannot comprehend the gravity of the situation for the man as it is a matter of survival for him. Therefore, the young husband’s insolence represents the way society treats the local inhabitants and how inconsequen tial their existence is. Furthermore, the true hardships that the black people face are accentuated by the wife’s disgust towards her husband’s actions and behaviour. For example, when she realizes that the man she has just married is â€Å"for good now†(44), she feels odd as though she does not truly know him. Her difference of opinion separates her from him and all the other white members on the train. Thus, she is the only person who can truly empathize with the natives. In the line, â€Å"her face was drawn up, wryly, like the face of a discomforted child. Her mouth lifted nervously at the corner.†(45), her appearance of disfavor reflects on her feeling of guilt. This guiltiness is caused by the fact that she, being the only one, can see how her husband’s actions can be detrimental towards the old native man. Following this further, she says, â€Å"If you wanted the thing†¦why didn’t you pay for it? Why didn’t you take it decently, when he offered it? Why did you have to wait for him to run after the train with it, and give him one-and-six? One-and-six!†(45). Evidently, she is extremely angry at her husband for putting the suffering old man through another distressing situation when he already has nothing to begin with. The young woman’s respectability and morals indicate that she understands the hardship of the black natives in this society. What makes her particularly infuriated and remorseful is that she knows they are much wealthier compared to the natives and still her husband chooses to bargain for the lion. Consequently, her husband is â€Å"shocked by the dismay of her face†(45) as if he believes that he has done nothing wrong. Although she sees his callousness for being entertained by a bargain, he is confused by her shock which implies that the natives are that insignificant to him. Just like most of the white people in South Africa during th e apartheid, he believes that there is nothing wrong with the corrupt black natives. Thus, his enjoyment is his prime concern instead of the awful lives the natives live. In conclusion, the contrast between the husband’s coldness and the wife’s compassion towards the natives, expresses how unimportant the natives are which emphasizes their struggle in this society. In final analysis, Gordimer uses the literary technique of characterization as a tool to develop her intention that the natives’ role in society and their exigent reality are partial. She shows this through through the white characters and the native characters. Gordimer’s influence from the anti-apartheid has permitted her to strengthen her messages of prejudice, racism, and poverty in her writing. Through her stories including â€Å"The Train from Rhodesia†, she has been able to transfer the struggle the natives faced during the apartheid movement and illustrate how much of a contrast there was between the two races. Every day, people are spreading anti-racist messages to improve the society humans live in. Now, owing to Nadine Gordimer, readers can take this information in to fully understand the struggles of those who are victims of prejudice.

Free Essays on Ego-Boundary Thinking

to explain things that displease you. But I do hear things, under cover of darkness, what our country says in grief for this girl: that no one is more innocent, no death more awful, no deeds more noble than hers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (833-839) But King Creon is so stubborn and proud that he fails to realize what his son is saying. Instead Creon is focusing on the image he must portray to keep order in his kingdom, his is not about to allow a woman to disobey a law and get away Scot-free. This single-mindedness is what makes Exterior-Thinking so bad, people get so focused on what the outside world will think of them when the make decisions. King Creon thinks that his kingdom will think that he is weak if he doesn’t punish Antigone. What he doesn’t realize is that his people sympathize with Antigone and if Creon were to let her go the people would think more highly of him. Haimon comes back to his father to make a second plea for Antigone’s life. He reminds his father of his love ... Free Essays on Ego-Boundary Thinking Free Essays on Ego-Boundary Thinking Part 1 Ego-Boundary is a form of thought that combines an individual’s moral view with his/her view of the outside world. This combination allows the individual to make uninfluenced decisions. I believe that Ego-Boundary thinking allows you the freedom to slip back and forth from both Interior-Thinking and Exterior thinking. It is hard to limit yourself to one particular type of thinking because every situation calls for a different reaction. Using a balanced approach allows the individual the opportunity to avoid being heavily influenced by a particular way of thinking. Haimon is able to balance his personal feelings for Antigone (Interior thinking) and the voice of the people (Exterior thinking) In Antigone, Haimon uses Ego-Boundary thinking to try and convince his dad, King Creon, that he is wrong to punish Antigone. He tries to convey to Creon what the people are saying: â€Å"Because, for the common man, your gaze is terrible. He can’t find words to explain things that displease you. But I do hear things, under cover of darkness, what our country says in grief for this girl: that no one is more innocent, no death more awful, no deeds more noble than hers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (833-839) But King Creon is so stubborn and proud that he fails to realize what his son is saying. Instead Creon is focusing on the image he must portray to keep order in his kingdom, his is not about to allow a woman to disobey a law and get away Scot-free. This single-mindedness is what makes Exterior-Thinking so bad, people get so focused on what the outside world will think of them when the make decisions. King Creon thinks that his kingdom will think that he is weak if he doesn’t punish Antigone. What he doesn’t realize is that his people sympathize with Antigone and if Creon were to let her go the people would think more highly of him. Haimon comes back to his father to make a second plea for Antigone’s life. He reminds his father of his love ...

Just War Theory and Christian Peace Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Just War Theory and Christian Peace - Assignment Example Under the just cause argument, just cause may be defined in terms of a response to the crime of aggression, the unlawful violation of the principle of nonintervention. If aggression is being viewed as a crime in accordance to the international law, then states have a right to respond to aggression with force, given that there is no world government or world police force to espouse international law. Most importantly, the moral rationalization for intervening in the affairs of such States would be based upon considerable, clear, irrefutable evidence of their support for terrorists, which is very intricate at best to bring into being, for instance, the lack of tangible evidence that there were weapons of mass destruction in Iraq and Iraq’s support for terrorism. Right authority was a different intervention that has also been used to respond to the issue on terrorism. Most significantly, right authority required an official declaration of war, which includes a bill of particulars that clearly articulates the moral justification and aims of the war. The other measure that the Christians undertook was to use reasonable hope of success. This criterion entailed calculation that using force would re-establish peace. This stipulation represents an attempt to protect the citizens, nonmilitary and military alike, from the imprudence and/or immoral ambitions of their leaders. The most important and very precious means were the Last Resort. This last criterion mandated that the use of force shall be the last resort, and that adequate nonviolent attempts to resolve the conflict is made and have failed. If all attempts at nonviolent conflict resolution were being reasonably made and while the conflict or threat persisted, then the criterion of last resort would have been met. Even though, the judgment that last resort can never be known with absolute certainty, a considerable effort must be made to resolve the conflict diplomatically in spite of imminent threat.

Human Rights in Vietnam Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Rights in Vietnam - Research Paper Example Every country has to abide with human rights laws. Every constitution has to focus on human rights. Rights have been described by the United Nations in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. There are also many other accounts of human rights that are present in other countries' governments and organizations. Vietnam is considered to be a country that is poor in human rights. The Communist Party of Vietnam governs the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. "Vietnam insists that human rights are a part of its own internal affairs and are inherently connected with the country's history, culture, tradition, and socioeconomic conditions" (Alagappa 457). There are no other legal political parties. The elections of 2002 were considered unfair as all candidates were chosen by the CPVs Vietnam Father Front or the VFF. The VFF was a group that monitored the country's popular organizations. The control of the security forces was maintained by the civil authorities. The Vietnamese government's human rights record has remained unsatisfactory. Abuses committed by local government official continued despite efforts made by the central authorities to monitor abuse concerns, particularly religious freedom. The Vietnamese people could not change the government, though several organizations that fought for this cause were not suppressed completely. The government wanted to enforce its control over the internet and press. "Human Rights Watch (HRW) has condemned Vietnam for its witch-hunt of those trying to disseminate information about democracy via the internet and urges the release of cyber prisoners" (Boobbyer, Spooner and O'TAilan 245) There were instances when police officials abused people during arrests, interrogation, and detention. Prison conditions were harsh but yet did not terrorize the lives of prisoners. Many prisons faced problems like insufficient diets, overcrowding, and poor sanitation. Prisoners were made to work but did not receive any wages for their duties. Prisoners were also reported to be moved to solitary confinement. The government did not grant permission to international organizations like the Red Cross or other non-governmental organizations to visit the prisons. Many citizens were detained for political activities at random. Citizens were deprived of the right to fair trials. Many other human rights were constantly monitored by the government and the government placed their limitations on human rights. Some of these rights included the right to freedom of press, freedom of speech, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and association. The government also maintained its ban on human rights organizations. Women in Vietnam suffered many threats; they faced plenty of discrimination and violence. Trafficking of women and children, and child prostitution remained prevalent, though the government made efforts to fight trafficking. Government monitored workers' rights, in particular organization that functioned independently. The Vietnamese government officially grants the freedom of religion. However, non-sanctioned groups usually face plenty of harassment. Additionally, the government constantly monitors these groups, justifying the act saying it is for the benefit of national unity. The Vietnamese government also lacks in the process of political trials, like, persecution of unauthorized religious organizations, independent journalists, labor union activists, land

Light Weight Material for Automobile Essay Example for Free

Light Weight Material for Automobile Essay General segment car with light weight alloys and metal matrix composites 1. 1 Analysis An automobile is a single biggest polluter, as emissions from millions of vehicles add up. As motor vehicles have been huge sources of pollution for the world since the last hundred years, the major car companies and market see profit by introducing some new technologies to reduce emission and delivering best solutions to customers. One of the major reasons for emission is weight of the vehicle. As weight increases carbon emission increases and fuel efficiency decreases. Both equally reduce customer perceptions. Present market battles to reduce carbon emissions and to fulfill customer demands for highly fuel efficient vehicles. As the above statement is top priority in present market and coming future, metallic parts of a general segment car will be replaced by light weight alloys by coming decades. However significant cost challenges are there for using light weight materials from manufacturing process to end life cycle. Smartly tackling of this cost will be the key to market applications. 1. 2Strategic sense which helps to make light weighting vehicles Global warming, global fuel prices and fuel demands are going to a critical situation, which makes human to think alternatively. As more fuel uses, more CO2 produces. If majority of vehicles made by steels are replaced by lightweight vehicles, it will reduce the global fuel needs. As this initiative makes very good advantages to world, it will get a lot of co-operation from other industries governments and political systems. Technologically and economically there are a lot of challenges and things to be done. Much RD works to do. Right from material selection, product design, process design, manufacturing methods, joining methods all has to be redesign for established organizations. It is a very big challenge. 1. 3 Initiatives taken to make light weighting vehicles To achieve a light weight structures, without compromising rigidity auto engineers have been researching the replacement of steel with plastics, aluminum and magnesium. Using of advanced material for reducing weight is the least expensive way to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. It is found that; * For every 10% weight reduction in weight of a car will result in 5% -7% improvements in fuel efficiency. * For every kilogram of weight reduction of a car will result in the reduction of carbon dioxide about 20kg. [1] 1. 4 Weight saving and relative cost for light weight material Figure 1. 1 Relative material properties and cost [2]. Important key factors while using advanced light weight materials are manufacturability, cost and joining processes. But as requirement is the mother of invention, manufacturability of aluminum and its composite’s will become easier and economical by coming years. Different manufacturing techniques are there to form aluminum into desired shape. 1. 5 Vehicle Case Study Super light Car Project: Figure 1. 2 Light weight materials, a vehicle case study [3] The objective of this project was to make an innovative idea by multi-material and light weight structure. This project proved that, BIW panel structure weight can reduce by 30%, multi material manufacturing with reduced cost, recyclability and sustainability of light weight materials. This project was a benchmark performance by joined venture of many sectors and seven vehicle manufactures (including Volkswagen and Volvo), 10 suppliers, 10 RD companies and seven universities. The final product was a mix of different materials and a wide range of joining technologies. The figure 1. 2 shows the benefits, that Super Light Project achieved.